Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Krakow

Abstract: This floristic note reports a recent find of population of Ranunculus glacialis L. in Muntii Rodnei, from where it was first reported to Romania in 1858 and has probably not been observed during the 20th century. This find confirms the present occurrence of this interesting arctic-alpine species in the Eastern Carpathians.

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Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Department of Botany, Kotlarska 2, CZ-611 37 Brno

Abstract: Flow cytometry measurements confirmed the occurrence of Polypodium x mantoniae (P. interjectum x P. vulgare) in the Cheile Turzii Nature Reserve (Apuseni Mts., Cluj County). The relative 2C DNA content of this pentaploid hybrid was detected in relation to that of tetraploid Polypodium vulgare and hexaploid P. interjectum. Polypodium interjectum was found in the Bigar Nature Reserve (Semenic Mts., Caras-Severin County), close to its known locality in Cheile Nerei. Anatomical and morphological features (number of thick-walled cells in the annulus, spore length and stoma length) of all three Romanian Polypodium taxa are discussed and a brief survey of the distribution of these taxa in other European countries is included.

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Universitatea Lucian Blaga, Facultatea de Stiinte, Catedra de Ecologie si Protectia Mediului, str. Oituz, nr. 31, RO-550337 Sibiu

Abstract: The present paper deals with the cormophyte species from Sibiu county that are mentioned as extinct in the Red List, as well as with those uncertain or cited and not found again. The majority was first mentioned in the second half of the XIXth century and not confirmed afterwards. Some species (38) became extinct due to the destruction or spoiling of the habitats where they once grew, or to the substitution of the traditional agriculture with the modern one, based on different agricultural techniques, on pesticides and using new culture species and varieties accompanied by other segetal plants. Some other 26 species were incorrectly mentioned in the flora of Sibiu County, because of the confusion with very similar species.

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* Gradina Botanica D. Brandza, Universitatea din Bucuresti, Sos. Cotroceni, nr. 32, RO-060114 Bucuresti
** Facultatea de Biologie, Universitatea din Bucuresti, Aleea Portocalelor, nr. 1-3, RO-060101 Bucuresti

Abstract: From herbarium material and available literature it is shown that Hirneola auricula-judae is largely spreading in Romania, especially in south part of the country, the main hosts, Sambucus nigra and Robinia pseudacacia, being also more frequently here. 29 hosts were identified: Sambucus nigra, S. racemosa, Robinia pseudacacia, Quercus sp., Fagus sylvatica, Acer sp., Tilia sp., Morus sp., Populus sp., Evonymus sp., Acer campestre, Ailanthus altissima, Alnus glutinosa, Carpinus betulus, Cornus mas, Cornus sanguinea, Fraxinus angustifolia subsp. oxycarpa, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Juglans regia, Koelreuteria paniculata, Malus domestica, Platanus sp., Ptelea trifoliata, Prunus armeniaca, Rhamnus sp., Salix fragilis, Salix sp., Sophora japonica, Ulmus sp. Only rare this fungus was found at an altitude over 5-600 m. Our data do not support the theory (Lange 1974, van der Laan 1976) claiming that Hirneola auricula-judae is favoured by high contents of mineral salts in the ground or in the form of dust from the sea.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj Napoca
** Institutul de Biologie al Academiei Romane, Str. Splaiul Independentei, nr. 296, RO-060031 Bucuresti

Abstract: This paper presents two species of hepatics which are very rare in Romania. According to the UICN red lists categories, we propose this species as vulnerable in Romania. For each of them an UTM distribution map has been realised. Metzgeria fruticulosa grows on tree bark and occasionally on acid rocks. It occurs in Romania in Sibiu county (Cibinului Mountains, Raul Mare Gorge, Paltinis) and Alba county (Cobles Valley, Arieseni). Barbilophozia attenuata occurs on rocks, humid and humicolous soils, or rotting wood. In Romania, it has been recorded from: Alba county (Ursoaia Pass, Cepelor Valley), Cluj county (Gilau Mountains - Dobrin), Hunedoara county (Retezat Mountains - Custura Peak); Harghita county (Harghita resort), Maramures county (Vaserului Valley, Rodnei Mountains) and Sibiu county (Cibinului Mountains - Oncesti, Gausoara and Arpasului Mountains).

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Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, CZ-370 0 Ceske Budejovice

Abstract: Notes to Caloplaca crenulatella, Rinodina pityrea and Verrucaria macrostoma f. furfuracea - three lichen taxa new to Romania are given. Nearly all the samples were collected around the railway station in Nadlac (Banat, cca. 50 km west of Arad). Bacidia fuscoviridis, Caloplaca chlorina and Polysporina lapponica are other species collected on the locality.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
** Department of Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Pf. 222, H-1476 Budapest

Abstract: The rich lichen flora of the Parang Mts (S Carpathians, Romania) is still little known, while several papers were published also on the lichen flora of the nearby Retyezat and Fogaras Mts. Earlier collectings resulted in ca 130 species. During a short fieldwork in July 2001 some epiphytic lichens from the high montane region (1,600-1,700 m) and some terricolous and saxicolous lichens from the alpine zone (1,800-2,200 m) were collected at five localities from Norway spruce, dwarf mountain-pine, and alpine grassland vegetation, and from bare rocks. A total of 38 lichen species were identified; among them 13 taxa are mentioned for the first time in the Parang Mts, while Arthonia cf. ligniaria is a new species for the Romanian lichen flora. The 38 taxa represent mainly arctic-alpine and boreal species. The ecological preferences of the lichens (light, humidity, temperature and chemical reaction of the substrate) allowed the discrimination of a high montane region lichen flora vs. a subalpine-alpine one.

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* Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Tehnologii Izotopice si Moleculare, str. Donath, nr. 71-103, RO-400293 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Lichens are the result of a successful symbiosis between a heterotrophic fungal partner (mycobiont) and a photosynthetic autotroph (photobiont). Lichens possessing different photobiont associations show differences in photosynthetic rates. Lichen groups have also been distinguished by means of carbon isotope ratio. One objective of the present work was to study the carbon isotope ratio among these different lichens groups. Many free-living algae and most cyanobacteria have a CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM), which operates under conditions of low CO2 availability in their environment, such as when the diffusion of CO2 is low. The CCM functions to accumulate an internal pool of inorganic carbon, which is subsequently used to increase the CO2 supply to the carboxylating enzyme. Another objective of this work was to study the implications of photosynthetic CO2 concentrating mechanism on the carbon isotope ratio from organic material of lichens. Analysis of the C13 isotope values of organic material in 42 samples of lichens showed that the photobionts of these lichens were C3-like. Carbon isotope discrimination, delta, varies with the type of photobiont: the low delta for cyanobiont lichens and the higher delta for phycobiont lichens. The differences in delta have been attributed to differences in CO2 transfer resistance and to photosynthetic CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM). The C13 isotope values of organic material in lichens fluctuate with altitude and the date collection. These variations are attributable to different pollutants and stress factors, to climatic variables and to changes in C13 isotope of the source air CO2. This is relevant for understanding the impact of global change on natural vegetation.

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Universitatea Lucian Blaga, Facultatea de Stiinte, Catedra de Ecologie si Protectia Mediului, str. Oituz, nr. 31, RO-550337 Sibiu

Abstract: During the botanical investigations carried on in the summer of the year 2002 in the Retezatul Mic Mountains, as part of the Retezat National Park's flora and fauna inventory programme, 225 species of cormophytes were identified in the 12 investigated habitat types on magma and calcareous substratum. In many aspects, it can be remarked a clear differentiation between similar habitats situated on the two investigated geological substrata, namely magma and calcareous. This is valid not only for the plant communities' structure regarding the response to the soil reaction and humidity, but also for the life-forms spectres, diversity and the specific composition. On limestone the vegetation presents a more basiphilous and xerophilous character compared with the plant communities on eruptive substratum, as well as a higher diversity, illustrated both by higher number of species and values of the diversity indices, and the chamaephytes reach a higher percentage. From these points of view, the rocky vegetation, followed by the subalpine meadows present the most 'calcareous' character.

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Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole a Banatului, Calea Aradului, nr 119, RO-300645 Timisoara

Abstract: The paper presents some aspects concerning the selective absorbtion characteristic to halophilous species of the Plantago genus in connection with soil moisture, contents of mineral nutrition elements in the soil of plant's rhizosphere and the concentration of the hydrosoluble components in plants and soil. All these particularities are an expression of the physiological processes of these halophilous ecoforms. The analysed halophilous species normally vegetate on the halomorphic soils in the Lower Plain of the Timis River, which presents a great diversity of saltiness and improper conditions for glycophytes [3].

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
** Centre for Ecological Research and Forestry Applications (CREAF), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra

Abstract: The present paper is aimed at determining the topographical range of vegetation in Intregalde (Alba county) using GIS. Topographical range was characterised in relation to elevation, slope and aspect. 454 vegetation samples (releves) were classified by means of hierarchical clustering (SYNTAX, 2000), using the alliance as the main unit. Topography was derived from a Digital Elevation Model (20 m of pixel size) obtained by scanning, geo referring and digitising a 1:25 000 topographical map. DEM allowed to asses the main topographic features to vegetation distribution: grasslands and beech forests have a wide topographic range, while the limestone vegetation develops over narrower altitudinal ranges, on steep slopes and prevailing upon certain aspects.

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Universitatea Al. I. Cuza Iasi, Facultatea de Biologie, B-dul Carol I, Nr. 11, RO-700506 Iasi

Abstract: The studied mixed forest communities belong to two association - Leucanthemo waldsteinii-Fagetum (Soo 1964) Tauber 1987 and Pulmonario rubrae-Fagetum (Soo 1964) Tauber 1987 are well represented on the south-western slopes of the Stanisoara Mountains (Oriental Carpathians), which was the studied area. This paper is a comparison of the diversity of the two forest formations. Diversity was assessed through species richness, Shannon index, evenness, SHE analysis and rank-abundance models. The most divers communities of the association Leucanthemo waldsteinii-Fagetum were identified from Hangu - Runcu forest road, Buhalnita - Varnita forest road, Buhalnita - forest road, Hangu valley basis and the Frasin Hill - slope inferior 1/3. For the association Pulmonario rubrae-Fagetum, the most divers communities were identified from Potoci, the Frasin Hill, and Buhalnita - end of Prislop forest road. Regarding their diversity, the associations are generally alike, except for their species richness (greater in Pulmonario rubrae-Fagetum) and evenness (greater in Leucanthemo waldsteinii-Fagetum), that cancel each other and consequently proved to be ecologically insignificant with regard to the overall diversity. For both associations, the low evenness values decreased the high species richness values, and vice-versa. The communities of both associations fit the log-normal species abundance model, which, in ecological terms, means that few species are dominant while all the others have similar low abundance values. The observed diversity resemblance of the studied associations is supported by their commune ecological characteristics, such as habitat, bioforms, floristic elements, and ecological indices.

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Universitatea din Craiova, Facultatea de Agronomie, str. Libertatii, nr. 15, RO-200583 Craiova

Abstract: On the occasion of certain vegetation research made in the superior area of Luncavat River (Valcea County), between 1997-2004, we found 3 vegetal associations as being part of class Nardo-Callunetea Prsg. 1949, that will present in this paper: Poetum mediae Csuros 1956, Scorzonero roseae-Festucetum nigricantis (Puscaru et al. 1956) Coldea 1987, and Violo declinatae-Nardetum Simon 1966. As part of identified associations description, referring to sinchorology, physionomy and floral composition and to the importance of those associations, too.

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Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole a Banatului, Calea Aradului, nr. 119, RO-300643 Timisoara

Abstract: The Violo declinatae-Nardetum Simon 1966 association meadows are widely spread in the Timisului River Basin both as area and especially as altitude (1000 m). The most compact ones are on the Tarcu Peak. On the Semenic and Mic Mountains, the Nardus stricta species is frequently co-dominant with Festuca rubra, and Festuca nigrescens. In this paper we present some aspects concerning the floristic composition of the association, its syn-ecology, chorology, and syn-dynamics, to which we have also added biodiversity indices. The Nardus stricta meadows spread on the four mountains under study are presented under the form of a species constant table. Association syn-ecology is rendered through spectra done both depending on number and on species abundance-dominance in order to emphasise the phyto-coenoses character determined by edifying species and also by possible evolving trends reflected in the floristic composition.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj Napoca
** Universite de Liege, 620 Becco, B-4910 Theux

Abstract: The present study reveals the existence of 9 corticolous bryophyte associations from the Ariesul Mare basin, classified into 3 classes, 4 orders, 4 alliances and 3 suballiances. Brachythecietum populei Phil. 1972 is first time recorded from Romania. Orthotrichetum pallentis Ochsn 1928 and Brachythecio salebrosi - Drepanocladetum uncinati Marst. 1989 has been recorded only once from Romania. Three associations - Orthotrichetum pallentis Ochsn. 1928, Pylaisietum polyanthae Felf. 1941 and Pterigynandretum filiformis Hil. 1925 - are the indicators of clean air. Most of these communities are recorded from the Fagus bark, three associations has been identified from the Salix trunks. Less proper for bryophyte communities richness are Picea, Fraxinus and Malus, because, probably, their bark contains more tanins and/or resins.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, Colectivul de Ecologie, str. Clinicilor, nr. 5-7, RO-400006 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, Colectivul de Botanica, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Periphytic algal communities of the Stiucii Lake - Nature Reserve (Cluj County, Transylvania, Romania). The Stiucii Lake - Nature Reserve of the Romanian Academy, managed by the A.J.P.S. Cluj (Sport Fishing Association Cluj County) is mostly of zoologic character. The phytoplankton of the lake has repeatedly been investigated since 1960, but its periphyton was poorly documented. Based on seasonal samplings (spring, summer and autumn), carried out during the period 2001-2003, there have been identified 322 taxa belonging to the following phyla: Cyanoprokaryota (48 taxa), Euglenophyta (14 taxa), Dinophyta (3 taxa), Cryptophyta (6 taxa), Chrysophyta (2 taxa), Bacillariophyta (136 taxa), Xanthophyta (6 taxa), Chlorophyta - Chlorophyceae (87 taxa) and Zygnematophyceae (20 taxa). The present findings emphasized the high algal diversity of the most important Transylvanian dimictic freshwater lake that for the time being seems to be slightly influenced by human activity.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra Taxonomie si Ecologie, Colectivul de Botanica, str. Republicii, nr.42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra Taxonomie si Ecologie, Colectivul de Ecologie, str. Clinicilor, nr. 5-7, RO-400006 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The paper deals with the comparative investigation (qualitative and quantitative composition) of the benthic diatom communities inhabiting the middle course of the Somesu Mare river, upstream and downstream of the town Beclean in July, September and December 2002. There have been identified 152 taxa belonging to 30 genera. Most of the diatoms are indifferent elements, basiphilic (almost one third of the total taxa identified), as well as halophilic forms. The community pattern was determined by the truncated normal curve model [7] based on the relative abundance of taxa. There have also been analyzed the floristic affinities among the various communities (PAST), the degree of water saprobity [14] and water quality (Biological Diatom Index). According to the present findings the benthic diatom communities occurring upstream Beclean (at Sasarm), might be considered as natural (high truncated normal curves), but below the town (at Malut), due to the inflow of industrial and urban sewage, the communities became rather affected by pollution (flattened curves). Based on the SI employed, the river is beta- and beta-alpha-mesosaprobic, the organic pollution being moderate, respectively moderate to strong. The values of the BDI indicate good or acceptable water quality upstream Beclean, and ordinary one below the town.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Preliminary studies on the epilithic diatom communities of the Turda Gorge (Cheile Turzii) Transylvania, Romania. Species composition of epilithic diatom communities were studied in 7 sampling sites distributed on the 'Paraul Hasdate' rivulet which flows along the Turda Gorge. There have been identified 107 diatom species, most of them being cosmopolitan, eutrofic, basophilic or indifferent forms, widely distributed in rivers and rivulets. Species diversity and relative information calculated for each sampling site by using the Shannon-Wiener formula shows a decreasing tendency towards downhill, presumably due to suboptimal light conditions.

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Universitatea Ovidius, Facultatea de Stiinte ale Naturii, B-dul Mamaia, nr. 124, RO-900527 Constanta

Abstract: The article deals with the histo-anatomical characteristics of the stem and leaf in a voluble plant, namely Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. The anatomical characteristics of the stem and leaf (including the petiole) have been described and discussed. In literature are mentioned the morphological aspects of the plant but an anatomic study on the two main vegetative organs of this species is almost lacking. The results revealed that the anatomical structure of this plant justify its voluble nature, especially the mechanical tissue which is quite poorly represented in the stem and leaf and the distribution of the vascular elements in the stem. The strengthening of the stem is due to few sclerenchyma cells in the cortex and to the vascular system showing an irregularly development. The stele covers the major portion of the stem. Notable are the secondary xylem vessels with a large diameter and the cambium activity. As concerning the leaf, the closed collateral bundles of petiole and blade possess parencymatous sheaths. There are only some collenchyma cells on both sides of the mid rib of blade and under the petiole epidermis. Long one-celled slightly curved hairs on the petiole and blade surface are present.

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Universitatea Ovidius, Facultatea de Stiinte ale Naturii, B-dul Mamaia, nr. 124, RO-900527 Constanta

Abstract: The article comprises the investigation on the structure vegetative organs of an aquatic fern, namely Marsilea qudrifolia L. The specific fern characters such as the stele type in the root, rhizome, petiole and the vaiations of vascular system from the base towards the apex are described and discussed. The paper deals also with such hydrophytic features, such as the presence of aerenchyma in the root and stem.

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* Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie, Facultatea de Farmacie, Piata E. Murgu, nr. 2, RO-1900 Timisoara
** Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Iuliu Hatieganu, Facultatea de Farmacie, str. I. Creanga, nr.12, RO-400010 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: There were performed histological studies of some buds used for gemotherapy remedies (preparation). Thus longitudinal section of buds, by histological techniques, of the following 14 species were made: Corylus avellana, Betula pendula, Alnus glutinosa, Alnus incana, Castanea sativa, Ribes nigrum, Rosa canina, Rubus idaeus, R. fruticosus, Crataegus monogyna, Populus nigra, P. tremula, Aesculus hippocastanum, and Tilia platyphyllos. The development degrees of meristematic tissue of buds in connection with therapeutic values were estimated. The most developed meristematic tissue are found in the buds of Corylus avellana, Ribes nigrum, Rubus idaeus, R. fruticosus and Tilia platyphyllos therefore they are considered to be the best in gemotherapic remedies.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca
** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: In our experiment we showed that the high light intensity had photoinhibitory effect on pea plants. On pea plantlet exposed to 600 micromol/m2/s different periods of time, the content of chlorophyll a is slightly increased after 30' of exposure, and after 60' from exposure is strongly increased (50.93% from control). In case of chlorophyll b it could be observed a strong rise of content after 30' of exposure (50.23% from control) and 90.29% from control after 60' of exposure. The carotenoids have a protecting effect, the content of carotenoids was 44.66% from control, after 60' of exposure. The content of glucose in leaves and roots of exposed plantlets is increased in comparison with control, glucose is stored in leaves as starch and parte of it is translocated to roots. The stomatal conductance measured immediately after 30' of exposure, is strongly increased, more than 100% from control, and increasing 5 times after 60' of exposure and 7 times after 120' of exposure. After 4 days, the value of stomatal conductance after 120' of exposure are decreased (30% from control) because of perturbation of stomatal apparatus activity or the water supply. At high light intensity as 900 and 1200 micromol/m2/s the content of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b is decreased. The parameters of fluorescene show a strong inhibition of photosynthetic activity under high light intensity, the Fv/Fm ratio is the most sensitive marker of negative effects of inhibitory light on photosynthetic apparatus.

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* Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole si Medicina Veterinara, Calea Manastur, nr. 3, RO-400372 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Studies on seed germination in Angelica archangelica L. The germination rate of angelica seeds from wild type populations (Retezat Mountains) and cultivated plants (experimental field) was studied after different storage duration in different germination conditions in continuous light or in darkness, after stratification at low temperature and on different substrates (alluvial soil, wetted filter paper, concentrated and diluted soil extracts, or distilled water). The results show marked differences in the germination rate of seeds from wild plants as compared with those harvested from cultivated plants after increasing storage duration. The germination rate of the seeds from cultivated plants decreased rapidly after harvesting, whereas that of the seeds from wild plants increased with storage duration up to about 80% after 5 months. Elder seeds lost their germination after more than one year of storage. Continuous light is necessary to ensure high germination rates. Seeds kept in the dark or in the soil did not germinated or germinate very slow only to a few percent. A cold pretreatment of moist seeds (2 weeks, 4 degrees C) had, generally, a promoting effect on germination, but during a relative short time after harvesting (5 month), seed germination was also high after exposing moist seeds at room temperature for 2 weeks under continuous light. The nature of the substrate had no noticeable effects on the germination rate, if the seeds were exposed to continuous light. Thus, light seems to be the main factor for the induction of seed germination in Angelica archangelica.

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* Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca
*** Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Iuliu Hatieganu, Facultatea de Farmacie, Catedra de Botanica Farmaceutica, str. I. Creanga, nr. 12, RO-400010 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Adventitious root cultures of Scopolia carniolica were established from rhizogen callus. The adventitious roots were maintained in MS and in B5 liquid media, both containing 3% succrose and 1.0 mg/l IBA. The optimal medium, both for root growth and for scopolamine and hyoscyamine production, proved to be the B5 medium. Supplementing the medium of culture with 1mM putrescine caused the stimulation of both tropanic alkaloids' biosynthesis, especially scopolamine's: its level increased from 0.06 mg/g dry wt (control) to 0.15 mg/g dry wt (in the medium with putrescine). Another strong influence was exerced by incubation conditions, especially on the scopolamine/atropine ratio. Thus, at roots grown in medium with putrescine and maintained in the dark, this ratio was about 2, while at roots maintained under light (16 h photoperiod) condition, the ratio decreased to the value of 0.5, a value also registered in intact plants' roots and rhizome.

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* Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Gradina Botanica Alexandru Borza, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Shoot tips of in vitro grown potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants were cryopreserved by a modified vitrification method. One-month-old potato plants were used for apices preparation. Successefully vitrified and warmed apices resumed growth within 4 weeks. For the evaluation of the regenerative capacity only directly developed shoots without intermediary callus formation were considered. The use of the PVS2 solution resulted in higher regeneration rates compared to the other mixtures tested (PVS1 and PVS3). Thus, in the case of a PVS2 treatment for 15 minutes, at a temperature of 0 degrees C, 42% of the shoot tips regenerated, and in the case of a treatment for 15 minutes at a temperature of 25 degrees C, 49% of the shoot tips regenerated shoots after cryopreservation.

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Universitatea din Oradea, Facultatea de Protectia Mediului, str. Armatei Romane, nr. 5, RO-410087 Oradea

Abstract: Regeneration and multiplication of Syringa josikaea Jack was obtained from different types of explants prelevated from old and youg plants. The explants prelevated from old plants showed a lower percent of regeneration and multiplication than the explants prelevated from young plants. Induction of in vitro culture by seed germination was not possible. From meristem explants plant regeneration was 80% on the media supplemented with 1.0 g/l IBA and 0.1 g/l BA, that is the best media for plant regeneration from shoot tip explants and nodal explants as well. Plant regeneration from flower bud explants have been also very low. On the media supplemented with 1.0 or 2.0 g/l 2iP, callus was induced from meristem explants and low multiplication from shoot tip or nodal explants have been observed. There is also no rooting on these media. Plant aclimatization was succesfull (80%) on mixture of Perlite and peat (1:1) after 14 days of protection and 4 days of watering.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Gradina Botanica Alexandru Borza, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The biotechnology of in vitro vegetal cultures has led to the reconsideration of the classical concepts concerning the multiplication, amelioration, protection, conservation and even obtaining new species. The researches presented in this paper were conducted as part of the CNCSIS-ANSTI-A18, CNCSIS-B20 and CNCSIS A103/52 grant, entitled 'The study of some rare endemic and endangered vegetal species from Gilau-Muntele Mare Massif (Apuseni Mountains) in the perspective of achieving the optimal conservation strategies'. The taxa proposed for study, have never been conserved or micropropagated through in vitro cultures. In the case of the species Centaurea reichenbachii DC., endemic [4] and rare [7, 15, 21, 23], being protected in the Reservation Scarita-Belioara [8, 12, 22] a micropropagation and a multiplication of 10-15 neoplantlets/inoculum were achieved, along with its acclimatization. A characteristic for this species is the appearance, in time, of the callus at the base of the explants, a phenomenon that disturbs the micropropagation. Aquilegia nigricans Baumg. ssp. subscaposa (Borb.) Soo, is an endemic taxa, having a spreading area limited to the Romanian Carpathians [25], considered by Boscaiu et al. [5], Oltean et al. [21] and Moldovan et al. [18] as rare in the spontaneous flora of the country or vulnerable/rare [15]. Taking into consideration some few and irrelevant data found, at present, in the literature regarding the in vitro multiplication, the week germination capacity of the seeds of this genus and the fact that our attempts to initiate the in vitro culture for this taxa have led to the infection of the whole medium every time, we consider that, for its micropropagation, a series of preliminary experimental variants have to be done in order to eliminate the exo- and endo-infections of the seeds. For both of the taxa the best results were obtained when the sterilization was done using oxygenated water. Based on the studies conducted, it can be inferred that, in the case of the aseptic cultures initiation a great variability exists, especially linked to the species, the vegetation stage in which the sampled material was and also the habitat from where it was harvested.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Stiinta Mediului, Piata Stefan cel Mare, nr. 4, RO-400192 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Native lichen and moss samples collected from two industrial areas (Zlatna and Baia Mare) were analysed for Pb, Cu and Zn, the main contaminant elements in these regions. The town of Zlatna is build around a mineral processing plant and smelter (S.C. Ampelum S.A.). Release of SO2 and metals as fine particles of slag cause acid precipitation and metal contamination for more than 30 km down wind from the smelter. The town of Baia Mare is the site of two major plants. The first plant (S.C. Romplumb S. A.) is for manufacturing and recycling metallic Pb used in the car batteries; the second, Phoenix Company, is a chemical and metallurgical plant, similar in mineral processing technologies with that situated in Zlatna town. Obtained data have releaved that the studied industrial regions are strong polluted looking the Pb, Cu and Zn content of analysed samples. It is expected that Zlatna areas is excessively polluted occupying a certain place among the strongest polluted areas on the word because here the mining and metal processing endure more than three century.

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Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Ampelomyces quisqualis was identified on roses infected with powdery mildew from the Alexandru Borza Botanical Garden in Cluj-Napoca (Romania). Ampelomyces quisqualis pycnidia vary in shape and size depending on the Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae fungus organ in which they develop. The pycnidia are pear-shaped in the case of conidiophores, spindle-shaped in the case of hyphae and almost spherical in the case of cleistothecia. The pycnidiospores are one-celled, hyaline, and smooth, with round or curved tips. So far, Ampelomyces quisqualis has not been identified and described as a mycoparasite of the Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae fungus in Romania.

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Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: There was done an inventory of the most common fungi on ornamental Iridaceae from Romania, according to literature. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli, Penicillium gladioli, Botrytis gladiolorum, B. cinerea, Septoria gladioli, Puccinia iridis, and Septoria iridis are frequently encountered on these plants. Some fungi (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladioli, Penicillium gladioli, Botrytis cinerea) were frequently identified on some ornamental Iridaceae from Al. Borza Botanical Garden from Cluj-Napoca. In order to identify these fungi, it was necessary to isolate them, to cultivate on nutritive medium and to examine them by means of the light microscope.

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* Liceul Avram Iancu, str. Ion Creanga, nr. 14, RO-515200 Aiud
** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
*** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Experimentala, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Five sediment samples from the Mures river affected by pollution with sewage from the S.C. UPSOM S.A. Ocna Mures was studied microbiologically. The following five ecophysiological bacterial groups have been studied: aerobic mesophilic heterotrophs, ammonifiers, denitrifiers, desulphofiers and iron-reducers. Some polluting, physico-chemical parameters, were also analysed: chlorides, sulphates, metals. The presence of all the five ecophysiological bacterial groups was registered in all the studied sediments. The descending ranking of their abundance was: aerobic mesophilic heterotrophs > ammonifiers > denitrifiers > desulfofiers >= iron-reducers. Based on the bacteria number of each ecophysiological groups, the bacterial indicators of sediment quality (BISQ) were calculated. The pollution strongly affected the bacterial potential of the studied sediments, as it was defined by the BISQ. The BISQ values were higher upstream (5.058), decreased at the polluting point, where three sewers carrying the sewage from the industrial enterprise empty into the river (4.258, 4.102 and 3.850, respectively) and came back close to the initial value (4.796) at 1 km downstream, certifying the regenerating capacity of the studied sediments. A positive correlation has been established between the enzymatic indicator, the bacterial indicator and the content of organic matter in the studied sediments. A strong negative correlation with a high statistical significance was established between the values of the two indicators (BISQ and EISQ), on one hand, and the content of the sediment in chlorides, sulphates, magnesium, sodium and iron, on the other hand.

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* Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Geologie-Paleontologie, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca
*** Laboratoire de Botanique Historique et Palynologie, Faculte des Sciences St. Jerome, F-13397 Marseille

Abstract: The palynological analysis of a subboreal sequence at 'Arpasul de Sus' (Sibiu district). The so-called 'Lacul or Mlaca Tatarilor' peat bog lies at 520 m altitude, at 3-4 km south-east from the Arpasul de Sus village, Sibiu district, on the foot of the Fagaras Mountains. Its surface covers about 3.5 ha and it was mentioned by Pop in his monography in 1960. The peat bog can be recognized by a dense vegetation of alders, birches, poplars and willows. More or less humid Spagnum communities can be found among them. The flora is characteristic for the mesotrophic peat bogs, with an increased character of oligotrophy. There are no references concerning palynological analysis carried on this peat bog, in the Romanian palynological bibliography, therefore our research has a novelty character, even if it is only preliminary. A long sequence of 16 m was obtained by drilling. The first 4 m were analyzed for the moment. The palynological analysis showed the existence of the last two forest phases, developed during the Subboreal and the Subatlantic age the hornbeam phase and the beech phase, respectively. Due to its 16 m length, the sequence from 'Mlaca Tatarilor' surpasses all the well-known palynological analysed sequences, C14 dated and that are considered as 'guiding marks' for the history of late-glacial and holocene vegetation in Romania, up to the present. Therefore, it is necessary to continue the palynological study of this sequence and to obtain C14 data, supporting its chronology.

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*Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Geologie-Paleontologie, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca
** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Chronology of the Holocene vegetation history in Rodnei Mountains. Two sequences originating from a peat bogs in Poiana Stiol (Rodnei Mts.) were pollen analyzed. The vegetation history, supported by 9 14C dates is described since the beginning of the Holocene. At the onset of the Holocene the vegetation is dominated by Ulmus together with Pinus, Picea and Betula. The frequencies of the Quercus, Fraxinus and Tilia never exceed 10 %. The maximum of Corylus occurred between 8,000 and 6,600 BP. The local establishment of Carpinus is about 5,000 BP. Its maximum occurred between 4,200 and 3,500 BP. Fagus pollen is regularly recorded since 6,000 BP. Its absolute dominance took place at about 3,000 BP. Picea pollen is present since the beginning of the Holocene. The first indications of human activities appear at around 2,000 BP.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-40015 Cluj-Napoca
** Biblioteca de Botanica, B.C.U. Lucian Blaga, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-40015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Eugen Victor Ghisa PhD professor and researcher of Alma Mater Napocensis. Two decades after the Professor E. V. Ghisa passed away the authors, on behalf of his former co-workers and disciples, show him the well deserved respect by making a short presentation of his life and activity. Professor E. V. Ghisa carried on his activity within Babes-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca for over four decades. Besides highlighting his didactic and scientific contributions the authors also insist on the moral pressure he was exposed to, during a period when he represented 'the one to blame', by refusing to be a member of the communist party. Publishing the list of papers the professor wrote, may become a source of information for the new generation and generate a reconsideration of his position among the great masters of Alma Mater Napocensis.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Taxonomie si Ecologie, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-40015 Cluj-Napoca

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